Users:General FEM Analysis/Elements Reference/Shell9

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The element formulation is based on the Shell8.

Input Parameters

Parameter Description

Compulsory Parameters
Parameter Values, Default(*) Description
MAT EL-MAT int Linking to a material input block
INT_TYPE_SHELL9 FULL Control of integration type
ANS NONE, Q, T, QT, TQ Assumed Natural Strains (ANS) method:
  • NONE: ANS is not activated
  • Q: ANS against shear locking is activated. It works for 4-noded and 9-noded elements. It causes a constant-linear (linear-quadratic, respectively) interpolation of the transverse shear strains and thus avoids transverse shear locking. The approach for the 4-noded element represents the well-known Bathe-Dvorkin-Element (MITC-4).
  • T: ANS against curvature thickness locking (This part is currently under development. Author: Michi. Date: 08/2010.)
EAS M,B,T,Q,S Enhances Assumed Strains (EAS) method
  • M: Number of enhanced membrane modes. M = {1,(2),4,5,7} for 4-noded Elements, M = {(7),9,11} for 8- or 9-noded Elements
  • B: Number of enhanced bending modes. B = {4,5,(6),7} for 4-noded Elements, B = {9,11} for 8- or 9-noded Elements
  • T: Number of enhanced modes in thickness direction. T = {1,3,4,6,8,9} for all Elements. Recommended: 1 (3-noded), 4 (4-, 8- and 9-noded), 3 (6-nonded)
  • Q: Number of const. transverse shear modes. Q = {2,4} for 4-noded Elements, Q = {2,4,6} for 8- or 9-noded Elements
  • S: Number of lin. transverse shear modes. S = {2,4} for 4-noded Elements, S = {2,4,6} for 8- or 9-noded Elements
FORCE XYZ, RST_ORTHO, RST Output control for stress constraints (This part is currently under development. Author: Michi, Matthias. Date: 08/2010.)
  • XYZ:
  • RST_ORTHO:
  • RST:
SDC real condition factor for director length, recommended value: 1.0
ROTATORIC_DOFS DIR_DIFF, GLOB_6 Switch between director and rotational degrees of freedom.
STRESS_OUTPUT PRIN_VM, SIG_EPS Stress output type
  • PRIN_VM: Von Mises Stresses
  • SIG_EPS: Stress and strains
STRESS_EVAL GP, SURF Stress evaluation location.
  • Gauss Point
  • Surface
Optional Parameters
Parameter Values, Default(*) Description
THICKNESS real Element thickness. This parameter is not compulsory, as the thickness can also be described via nodal values.


Example of a Complete Input Block

EL-PROP 1 : SHELL8
MAT=EL-MAT 1        
THICKNESS=0.1 
INT_TYPE_SHELL8 = FULL
SDC= 1.0
EAS = 4,4,4,0,4 
ANS = Q
FORCE = RST_ORTHO




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