Users:General FEM Analysis/Elements Reference/Shell NURBS KL

Contents 1 General Description 1.1 Example of a Complete Input Block 1.2 Element Type 1.3 Degrees of Freedom 1.4 Parameter Description 2 Element Loading 3 Benchmarks 4 References

General Description

This element is based on Kiendl et al. 2009 ^[1] and Phd Thesis of J.Kiendl.

Example of a Complete Input Block

EL-PROP 1 : SHELL_NURBS_KL  
  MAT= EL-MAT 1                                      !material property
  THICKNESS = 1.0
  COUPLING = EL-PROP 6                       !BRep coupling element to handle C^0 continuity inside the patch
! STABILIZATION = EL-PROP 7               !Stabilization element for improving condition number (requires some tests, no optimal solution)
  NEJA = NURBS !DIP or FULL                 !Method for handling the integration for trimmed elements(use NURBS)
  INT_TYPE_SHELL_NURBS_KL = USER !or FULL or OPTIMAL   !FULL means p+1 and q+1;OPTIML uses in the interior of the patch less quadrature points (some tests required for higher polynomial degrees >3
! GAUSS_U = 4                                          !# of quadratur points in u-dir in case of INT_TYPE = USER
! GAUSS_V = 4                                          !# of quadratur points in u-dir in case of INT_TYPE = USER

Element Type

• The element formulation is well tested for static and dynamic linear and nonlinear analysis.
• Stresses for nonlinear case need to be corrected.
• Can be used for thin shell structures

Degrees of Freedom

The element uses three translatoric degrees of freedom (Disp_X, Disp_Y, Disp_Z) at each control point.

Parameter Description

Compulsory Parameters
Parameter	Values, Default(*)	Description
MAT	EL-MAT int	Linking to a material input block
INT_TYPE_SHELL_NURBS_KL	FULL, USER, OPTIMAL	Control of integration type. FULL: p+1 and q+1 quadrature points are used (p and q are the polynomial degrees of the NURBS patch) USER: the optional parameters GAUSS_U and GAUSS_V define the number of quadrature points OPTIMAL: uses in the interior of the patch less quadrature points (some tests required for higher polynomial degrees >3
THICKNESS	float	Thickness of the shell
NEJA	NURBS, DIP, FULL	Integration technique for trimmed elements NURBS: trimmed elements are parametrized with untrimmed NURBS within the parameter space DIP: Discrete Integration procedure does not work properly, requires improvement (quadrature points must fullfill the moment fitting equations) FULL: Full integration of trimmed elements (not recommended)
Optional Parameters
Parameter	Values, Default(*)	Description
GAUSS_U	GAUSS_U = int	Number of quadrature points in u-direction. Requires INT_TYPE_SHELL_NURBS_KL= USER
GAUSS_V	GAUSS_V = int	Number of quadrature points in v-direction. Requires INT_TYPE_SHELL_NURBS_KL= USER

Element Loading

The KL shell element is able to handle the following loads:

• dead load
• snow load
• pressure load

Benchmarks

The main benchmark file in the Carat++-repository is

• '../examples/benchmark_examples/isogeometric/KL_shell_trim_plate_hole/cbm_plate_with_hole.txt'.

It is further used in:

• '../examples/benchmark_examples/isogeometric/isogeometric_trim_non_linear/cbm_PlateHoleLineSupHighAcc.txt.txt'

References

1. ↑ J. Kiendl, K.-U. Bletzinger, J. Linhard, and R.Wüchner. “Isogeometric shell analysis with Kirchhoff–Love elements.” In: ComputerMethods in AppliedMechanics and Engineering 198.49-52 (2009), pp. 3902–3914. DOI: 10.1016/j.cma.2009.08.013

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